水处理设备为什么会带磁
Why does water treatment equipment take magnetism
人们常以为磁铁吸附水处理设备材，验证其优劣和真伪，不吸无磁，认为是好的，货真价实；吸者有磁性，则认为是冒牌假货。其实，这是一种极其片面的、不切实的错误的辨别方法。
It is often thought that magnets adsorb water treatment equipment, verify its merits and false, do not absorb no magnetism, think it is good, the goods are real, and the sucker has magnetism, then it is considered as fake fake. In fact, this is a very one-sided, unrealistically wrong way of identifying.
水处理设备的种类繁多，常温下按组织结构可分为几类：
There are many kinds of water treatment equipment, and can be classified into several types according to their organizational structure at room temperature.
1．奥氏体型：如304、321、316、310等；
1. austenitic somatotype: 304, 321, 316, 310, etc.
2．马氏体或铁素体型：如430、420、410等；
2. martensite or ferrite type: 430, 420, 410, etc.
奥氏体型是无磁或弱磁性，马氏体或铁素体是有磁性的。
The austenite type is nonmagnetic or weakly magnetic, and martensite or ferrite is magnetic.
通常用作装饰管板的水处理设备多数是奥氏体型的304材质，一般来讲是无磁或弱磁的，但因冶炼造成化学成分波动或加工状态不同也可能出现磁性，但这不能认为是冒牌或不合格，这是什么原因呢？
Most of the water treatment equipment used as a decorative tube board is most of the 304 material of austenite. Generally speaking, it is non magnetic or weak magnetic. But because of the chemical composition fluctuation or the different processing state, it may appear magnetic, but this can not be considered as a fake or unqualified. What is the reason?
上面提到奥氏体是无磁或弱磁性，而马氏体或铁素体是带磁性的，由于冶炼时成分偏析或热处理不当，会造成奥氏体304水处理设备中少量马氏体或铁素体组织。这样，304水处理设备中就会带有微弱的磁性。
It is mentioned that the austenite is non magnetic or weak magnetic, and martensite or ferrite is magnetic. Due to the segregation of components or improper heat treatment, a small amount of martensite or ferrite in the austenite 304 water treatment equipment can be caused. In this way, the 304 water treatment equipment will have weak magnetism.
另外，304水处理设备经过冷加工，组织结构也会向马氏体转化，冷加工变形度越大，马氏体转化越多，钢的磁性也越大。如同一批号的钢带，生产Φ76管，无明显磁感，生产Φ9.5管。因泠弯变形较大磁感就明显一些，生产方矩形管因变形量比圆管大，特别是折角部分，变形更激烈磁性更明显。
In addition, after cold processing, the structure of 304 water treatment equipment will be transformed into martensite. The greater the deformation degree of cold processing, the more martensite transformation, and the greater the magnetic properties of the steel. Like a batch of steel strips, the production of 76 tubes has no obvious magnetic induction and produces 9.5 tubes. Because the deformation of the bending is larger, the magnetic induction is obvious. Because the deformation of the rectangular tube is larger than that of the circular tube, especially the corner part, the deformation is more intense and the magnetism is more obvious.
要想完全消除上述原因造成的304钢的磁性，可通过高温固溶处理开恢复稳定奥氏体组织，从而消去磁性。
In order to completely eliminate the magnetism of the 304 steel produced by the above reasons, the austenite structure can be resumed by high temperature solid solution treatment, thereby eliminating magnetism.
特别要提出的是，因上面原因造成的304水处理设备的磁性，与其他材质的水处理设备，如430、碳钢的磁性完全不是同一级别的，也就是说304钢的磁性始终显示的是弱磁性。
In particular, the magnetic properties of the 304 water treatment equipment caused by the above reasons are not the same as the magnetic properties of other materials, such as 430 and carbon steel, that is to say, the magnetic properties of the 304 steel always show weak magnetism.
这就告诉我们，如果水处理设备带弱磁性或完全不带磁性，应判别为304或316材质；如果与碳钢的磁性一样，显示出强磁性，因判别为不是304材质。
This tells us that if the water treatment equipment with weak magnetic or completely non magnetic, should be identified as 304 or 316 material; if the magnetic properties of carbon steel, showing a strong magnetic, because the discrimination is not 304 material.